This article has appeared from the need to know under what conditions of quorum and majority the general meeting of shareholders of a limited liability company (LLC) adopts decisions when, during its existence, the law changes in this regard.In other words, from the need to determine how the civil law is applied over time in the mentioned situation. The question was occasioned by the amendment of Law no. 31/1990 regarding companies (in t...

The concept of lex societatis inspired the legal reasoning made in the international and quasi-federal disputes altogether. The Barcelona Traction (1970) and Centros (1999) disputes give an indication on the fate of lex societatis, as a genuine link between the international and domestic legal orders and quasi-federal one of the European Union. This paper debates the way in which lex societatis operates across and b...

Electronic money is changing the process of transmitting monetary policy effects. Therefore, the macroeconomic implications of using this new type of currency is concerning the central banks around the world.This paper aims to summarize the main analyzes of this phenomenon. Theseanalyzes, conducted by the specialists of central banks and by academics, show that the erosion of the monetary base produced by technological advances in...

The study is dedicated to the examination from a normative, theoretical andtechnical perspective of companies’ fi nancing using crypto-assets (tokens andstablecoins), distributed ledger technology (DLT) and blockchain, representinga viable alternative to traditional financing methods. The sale of tokens (utilitytokens, security tokens) in exchange for fiduciary currency or other crypto-assets (including stablecoins) is...

The questions asked in a judicial context are not based on curiosity. Unlike the usual conversations, judicial interrogations are intended to serve as a probative thesis, respectively to obtain information, acknowledgments or contradictions that clarify the disputed legal relations and contribute to their resolution. Preparing questions, techniques for addressing questions and anticipating the answers, those are essential steps for any litigat...

The Internet has led to the migration of commercial advertising in the cyberspace, where professionals who seek to promote their products/services are forced to fight for the consumers’ attention. One form of online commercial advertising, which they use to a significant extent, is that carried out through influencers. These advertising providers commercialize their influence. In order to present some of the legal issues stemming from the inf...

The dynamics of transnational law constitues a generous research topic. However, the aim of this article is more modest, limiting itself at preliminarly contemplating the way transnational law is evolving effortlessly. Conceptualized also as a methodological tool, transnational law inspires the so-called „network” contracts and the so-called „organisational contract” of the social life, business life included.The dynamics of internation...

We approached this study, without claiming to be exhaustive, from the perspective of complying with accounting and tax rules, focusing on tax optimization of the profit invested in the acquisition of tangible fixed assets and also with the presentation of possible errors in accounting and tax treatment of these operations.In our opinion, although the text of the law has an unambiguous interpretation, due to the imperfection of ...

The most important event in the life of a joint stock company is the general meeting of shareholders, be it either ordinary or extraordinary, a meeting in which the shareholders establish, by vote, the direction of the development course of its activity. Traditionally, the expression of the vote in the general meeting was done within the organized framework of the meeting by expressing it directly or through a representative. The evolution of s...

The specific legislation on the protection of personal data provides operators with six grounds on which they can collect and process such data, and choosing the most appropriate one for each situation is not always an easy task. One of the six legal grounds is the consent of the data subject, and the manner in which it is regulated and private law habits could create the impression that consent is the „king” of the grounds for the processing...