In the midst of the technological revolution, the financing of various projects could not be eluded by the phenomenon of digitalization. The general ease of accessing the Internet and social networks has reshaped an old method of funding, based on funds obtained from the general public. Nowadays, crowdfunding developed through online platforms is experiencing an exponential growth, whether the beneficiaries are natural persons, cultural-artist...

If eloquence is the nucleus around which revolve all the other elements of oratory before the court, the judicial oratory would not be complete without the presence and the abstinence of the litigant. Knowing how to present yourself and knowing the right time to censor yourself are qualities that shape the portrait of a successful speaker. ...

The article represents an analysis of the legal nature and validity of the futures contract with negative price, where the seller pays a sum of money to the acquirer, as well as of the particularities and legal regime of this type of contract. The starting point of the analysis was the fall of the oil price below zero dollars per barrel on the US futures market, for the first time in history. This decrease was caused by the imminence of high s...

Towards the end of 2019, certain amendments have been brought to the regulation of franchising in Romania. Without representing a paradigm change – otherwise impossible, considering the European franchising regulation, as an exception from the restrictions set out by the competition legislation (although softened throughout the years) – the changes must be taken into account. Setting out certain obligations which did not exist, or existed in u...

In the context of the compulsory insurances against civil liability for the damages caused to third parties by vehicle and tram accidents (RCA), the direct compensation service represents an alternative method available to the injured person for obtaining the payment of the damage, involving the assessment of the damage claim by the injured person’s own RCA insurer and a subsequent settlement between this insurer and the RCA insurer of the pe...

With the purpose of ensuring a unique internal market for all Member States of the European Union, governed by the free movement of persons and judgments principle, the European legislator has adopted numerous regulations on private international law, which attempt to solve, in a uniform manner, the conflict of laws arising out of private legal relations with foreign elements. In this article, we will examine the uniform rules for solving con...

The European Data Protection Board („EDPB”), the European Union’s independent body mandated to ensure the consistent application of Regulation no. 2016/679 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data („GDPR”), issued, in May 2020, new specific guidelines for the interpretation and application of the GDPR provisions on consent for processing personal data. This articl...

In early 2020, the NIS Cooperation Group published a set of cybersecurity measures in the context of the implementation of the 5G system (called 5G Network EU Toolbox Risk Mitiganting Meaasures), proposing technical and strategic measures to be taken by EU Member States.Some of the recommended measures include an assessment of the risk profile of suppliers and the application of restrictions for those considered to be at high risk for e...

The paper aims to analyze the interference of the COVID-19 pandemic with the execution of civil contracts, discussing how economic agents affected in their activity by the combined action of the pandemic and the legislative measures enacted in order to fight it can use the theory of hardship or force majeure/fortuitous case. The authors consider that a case-by-case analysis shall be needed, as the same fact may have different legal ...

The effective protection of personal data throughout the European Union required the strengthening and setting out in detail the obligations of those who process and determine the processing of personal data. In order to ensure a processing which meets the requirements of the General Data Protection Regulation and protects the rights of data subjects, the controller and the processor have the obligation to apply appropriate technical and orga...