To shelter the creditors from the acts concluded by the debtor in their fraud, the law opens them the path of a special action, the Paulian action, by which the creditors can attack in justice the vilain acts concluded by the debtor with the defendant third party, requesting the competent court of law to declare them as inopposable in the relations with them allowing them to avoid the consequences of fraud.The creditor cannot prevent th...

The coming into force of the new Romanian Civil Procedure Code, on February 15th 2013, has resulted in new rules on the civil trial with a foreign element, repealing the last remaining articles of Law no. 105/1992. This paper is the fourth of a series which aims to provide a general analisys of the new legal provisions, correlating them with the former regulation and relevant jurisprudence, as well as the European legislation with which it mi...

The objectiveness of the insolvency procedures can be ensured primarily through a balanced distribution of roles of the interested parties, without granting a decisive influence to any participant who is not under the obligation to give reasons for its decisions.The second factor (derived from the first) for the purposes of maintaining the objectivity is the appointment of independent specialists in order to perform the economic analysis...

The article provides an overview of doctrinal opinions regarding the name and legal nature of the class action, as well as a comparison between Law no. 85/2006 and Government Emergency Ordinance no. 91/2013, both regulating the class action. The author’s conclusions state that the actions aiming to restore the debtors’ patrimony and the balance between creditors will be more difficult to bring under the new regulations.

As a an insolvency practitioner named to apply the reglementation of the Gouvernement Emergency Ordonance regarding the finacial crisis, I have tried to set an coherent chain coupling of decisions and activities meant to accomplish my purpose on an imaginary task. Making this exercise, made me realise that the GEO‘s main aim as it is declared in its preambule is almost impossible to aplly. In my opinion this conclusions are only the answer of t...

The article is aimed to analyse, through the eyes of a practitioner, the mechanism and legal effects of hardship, a legal concept which was for the first time explicitly regulated under the Romanian law by the new Civil code, which became effective as of October 2011. One particular pragmatic objective of the author was to outline the potential practical issues which may arise due to the large variety of possible situations, correlated to the...

A relatively new, compromise-based form of justice in the Romanian legislation, mediation has increasingly been subject to debate within the framework of the entry into force of the new Code of Civil Procedure, because, while changing the common procedural rules relating to non-criminal litigations, a new preliminary, pre-trial procedure was introduced, namely the mandatory information on the benefits of mediation. As a new institut...

The European Commission recently finalized a case regarding an alleged concerted practice involving several publishers and Apple on the market for e-book commercialization, by accepting commitments proposed by the parties in response to the Commission’s anticompetitive concerns.The relevance of this decision results from the peculiarities of the factual background which, in principle, may render questionable the extent to which thi...

The scope of this analysis is to evaluate the possibility for an economic agent to be nomineed as subcontractor declared by several bidders within the same public procurement contract award procedure, in light of the provisions of Article 46 of G.E.O. No. 34/2006. Key...

In addition to the classical vision of property, taken from the Napoleonic Code of 1804, the New Romanian Civil Code brings new elements of a postmodern nature, which are essential for understanding the concept in current society. The blending of principles specific to continental law (inspired by French, Italian, and Dutch law) with those of the Province of Quebec (of a mixed, continental nature with strong common law implications) creates a ...