Negotiating contractual clauses is one of the essential skills of the modern lawyer, positioned at the intersection of legal precision and economic realities.A well-negotiated contract prevents disputes, reduces risks and transforms commercial relationships into strategic opportunities. This article offers a practical and structured approach to the entire negotiation process – from preparation, advanced techniques and handling sensitive ...

This article explores the intertwined influence of pantouflage and lobbying on governance in public administration. While transparency has long been promoted as a key element of integrity, recent developments in Europe and beyond highlight its limitations in addressing hidden influence networks. By examining pantouflage, the revolving door between public office and private sector roles, and the evolving strategies of lobbying...

Manipulation is a form of influence with a negative connotation. It can take various forms in virtual space and has harmful effects, among others, on the autonomy of will and freedom of thought. In the work we propose, we will first explain what manipulation and online manipulation are and what the online manipulation types are. We will then try to identify the antidotes to online manipulation, using the European instruments in force, with a pa...

This article examines the extent to which it is possible to obtain the approval of experts’ party within the judicial proceedings for a management expertise, a issue that has been divergently settled in case-law. ssentially, the article seeks to answer the following questions: is there any prohibition in the special law that renders inapplicable the common law rules on the possibility of relying on party experts? Is it inadmissible to approve ...

The problem of the bona fide taxpayer who, by mistake, registers for VAT purposes and, consequently, collects VAT from invoices relating to exempt transactions without the right to deduct, is likely to place the corrective and punitive mechanisms of national law and the fundamental principles of European Union law in conflict. Following the tax inspection, although the main VAT obligation is corrected (by cancelling the unjustified deduction ...

The aim of this study was to identify situations where artificial intelligence is encountered in the performance of the employment relationship, to present the potential implications, benefits and risks of the use of AI systems in the context of employment and to analyse, in general terms, the impact of the AI Regulation on the European social law rules that work in the regulation. The article starts with talking the advantages and risks of t...

Financial investigators are compelled to adapt their investigative techniques to the profound transformations occurring in financial services, which today redefine the methods of identifying, tracing, and recovering criminal proceeds. The current operational landscape introduces new challenges for tracking illicit funds, requiring investigators to become familiar with mobile applications, digital wallets, cryptocurrencies, and platforms that ...

The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in arbitration is rapidly evolving, with numerous applications already changing the way arbitrations are conducted. From document management to case analysis and even assistance in the decision making process, AI is being called upon to facilitate more efficient and transparent arbitral procedures. Although these AI tools promise efficiency, they also introduce challenges regarding the transparen...

The paper explores directors’ liability in the era in which artificial intelligence may become a partner in deliberation. The business judgment rule is thus confronted with an atypical interlocutor, one capable of shaping the very infrastructure of decision-making reasoning. In this frontier space, where law meets technology, decision-making autonomy, prudence and diligence acquire novel, as yet uncharted nuances. Within an uncertain legal fra...

The paper examines the phenomenon of malware-based cyberattacks, focusing on their diversity, technical complexity, and the significant impact they generate on information security and commercial enterprises. It outlines the main types of malware, the mechanisms through which they compromise data and IT systems, and the resulting economic, legal, and social consequences. Furthermore, the study highlights advanced defense solutions, such as art...