In Case C-681/11 Bundeswettbewerbsbehörde, Bundeskartellanwalt v Schenker & Co. and Others, in a judgment issued on 18 June 2013, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) considered that a company that infringed EU competition rules cannot be exempt from the application of a fine in spite of claims that it relied on legal advice given by a lawyer with regard to the compatibility of its behaviour with n...

The procedure for convening a General Meeting of Shareholders is a step in the mechanism of forming the corporate will and is regulated by rules of public order, their observance protecting the shareholders, the company and the third parties, thus ensuring the stability of legal relationships.