The article examines the issue of contract formation through artificial intelligence agents, with a particular emphasis on chatbot applications, from the perspective of defects of consent regulated by the Civil Code. It demonstrates that an AI agent does not possess legal capacity and cann...

The practice of lifting the pre‑emptive right must be viewed not only from the perspective of formal legality, but also from the standpoint of its substantial impact on the rights of minority shareholders and on the healthy functioning of competition in the capital market and in the goods and services market. Artificial intelligence can play a key role in uncovering and preventing abuses, contributing to a fairer and more efficient corporate ...

The active subject of the contravention, within the framework of the special regulations relating to the organization of the operation and the concrete operation of the entities regulated and supervised by the A.S.F., is, among others, the natural person who exercises management functions within the company. The management function, under the conditions of paragraph (5) of art. 143 of Law no. 31/1990, is the function of the person who engages t...

The study provides a comprehensive legal analysis of the bank guarantee letter as an autonomous personal security under Romanian civil law, widely used in commercial transactions and public procurement. The author emphasizes its defining features – autonomy, irrevocability, and unconditionality – which fundamentally distinguish it from suretyship and other accessory guarantees. The paper examines the contractual and legal framework governing b...

The article analyzes the issue of personal data confidentiality concerning the managers of legal entities, situated at the intersection between the fundamental right to privacy and the increasingly stringent demands of economic and administrative transparency. In the context of the digitalization of public registers and the development of data-processing technologies, the disclosure of personal information belonging to administrators, director...

The issue of compatibility between insolvency law and other branches of law is a complex one and necessarily requires complex solutions, the identification of such solutions often requiring an in-depth analysis. The study analyzes the interferences between criminal law and criminal procedure law, on the one hand, and insolvency procedure, on the other hand, with regard to precautionary measures, taking into account doctrinal disputes, no...

Artificial Intelligence is not the future of justice, but its discreet present. It is being adopted within legal systems, promising greater efficiency, cost reduction, and improved access to justice. Algorithms are already used for contract analysis, decision prediction and the assessment of recidivism risk. However, this technological transformation raises fundamental ethical challenges: bias, discrimination, technical opacity and uncertainty ...

The On Air Media Professionals and Different Media judgments bring to the forefront, with the finesse of a reflection on meaning and justice, the fragile balance between legal expressions and the legitimate trust of those who rely upon it. Both cases originated from an apparently minor translation error in the Romanian version of Commission Regulation (EU) No. 651/2014 (the General Block Exemption Regulation – GBER), where th...

This paper examines the adoption of blockchain technology in the public sector of Georgia, focusing particularly on its application within the land registry system, and offers a comparative perspective with Russia as a representative BRICS country. Georgia’s pioneering initiative to integrate blockchain into real estate registration – developed in collaboration with the Bitfury Group and the National Agency of Public Registry – has posi...

The law of political economy can be assessed as a genuine framework of conflict of laws. The purpose of this paper is to show how this framework works, with particular focus on the conflict of laws in the field of contracts concluded by consumers and professionals. The quasi-federal nature of the European Union law has encouraged this approach mainly by reference to the Rome I Regulation.In addition, the concept of “social market economy”...