This study examines the effects of a debtor’s discharge following the successful implementation of a reorganisation plan and the closure of insolvency proceedings, with particular regard to whether creditors may subsequently resume ordinary-law actions or enforcement proceedings in respect of claims arising prior to the opening of the insolvency proceedings. The analysis distinguishes between the procedural effects arising from the open...

The mandate without representation is rarely encountered in purely civil judicial practice, it mainly refers to commercial activity, the contract being objectified, as a rule, in one of its specialties (commission, consignment, shipment), and having the destination of intermediation of production activities, alienation of goods or provision of services, all exercised for profit, i.e. with the intention of obtaining profit, an aspect from which...