The present case commentary provides an in-depth analysis of the judgment delivered by the Court of Justice of the European Union in Case C-51/20 Commission v. Greece, concerning the persistent failure of a Member State to comply with its obligation to recover unlawful and incompatible State aid, as previously ordered by the Commission. The ruling exemplifies the corrective and sanctioning function of the EU judiciary in response to institutio...

The preliminary ruling references made by Romanian courts or the refusal to make a reference are elements of the judicial relationship between the national courts and the Court of Justice of the European Union, according to art. 267 TFEU. The article analyses the reference for a preliminary ruling made by the Court of Appeal from Cluj (C-201/14, Bara and Others). The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of applying and interpr...