The article analyzes the recent changes introduced by the European Commission to the Guidelines regarding the application of Article 82 of the EC Treaty (now article 102 TFEU) on abusive exclusionary practices by dominant companies. It emphasizes the essential role of competition rules in protecting the internal market, especially during periods of economic difficulty and market concentration.The author reviews specific changes, includi...

The need to harmonize State aid policies with the export subsidy regime is described in this article, both in terms of the legal basis and the advantages and disadvantages produced by it, highlighted by examples from practice. Keywords:

The rules set forth by legal provisions have received, in time, various arguments: natural law or jus naturalism, positive law, voluntarism, normativism, law as a social fact, etc. Recently, a new theory relating to the economical efficacy of the legal rule has been put in place. According to this theory, any legal rule gains in effectiveness and presents more authority if it is also supported by an economical explanation.In this context...