Contrary to other professions, where there is a relatively balanced gender representation, there is a manifest disproportion in the case of boards of directors of listed companies in the European Union. In 2014, women accounted only for 20% of the total number of board members, 21% of the number of non executive members, 13% of the number of executive members and 3% of the number of CEOs. There are important differences between the member Stat...

The board of directors and the managers of the company, for the companies managed in the unitary system, or the supervisory board and the manager, in the case of the companies managed in the dualist system, are organs of the stock company which, even though lack legal personality, hold the totality of management prerogatives of the company. They are characterized by the doctrine as collegial management organs of the stock company, ex...