This article examines the landmark judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union in the Google/Android Auto case (C-233/23), which significantly redefines the legal framework governing refusals to ensure interoperability in digital markets.Departing from the traditional indispensability standard established in Bronner and IMS Health, the Court held that a refusal by a dominant undertaking to grant inte...

The article analyzes the recent changes introduced by the European Commission to the Guidelines regarding the application of Article 82 of the EC Treaty (now article 102 TFEU) on abusive exclusionary practices by dominant companies. It emphasizes the essential role of competition rules in protecting the internal market, especially during periods of economic difficulty and market concentration.The author reviews specific changes, includi...